Leonard Marino, D.C.

When individuals use their smartphone, they often adopt an awkward posture in which their head rests forward of their shoulders. This forward head posture, or “text neck,” places added strain on the muscles in the back of the neck, shoulders, and upper back, which can lead to musculoskeletal pain. Researchers are now looking into how [..]

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral neuropathy that affects roughly 4-5% of the general population and about 10% of working adults. The chiropractic treatment approach for the CTS patient typically involves many of the same therapies as those used for conditions like neck and back pain, such as joint manipulation, mobilization, specific [..]

Groin pain syndrome is a term used to describe groin pain without clinical evidence of hernia or hip pathology. Though the condition is thought to affect between 2% and 20% of athletes, there is not a lot of conclusive research on its cause or the best way to treat it. Most of the published research [..]

Whiplash associated disorders (WAD) is a collection of symptoms commonly associated with motor vehicle collisions. Because WAD can have such a negative effect on one’s quality of life, it makes sense to take steps to reduce the risk for a car accident. Let’s look at some of the modern technologies that our automobiles may include [..]

In recent decades, several studies have identified risk factors for early death such as reduced cardio-respiratory fitness (CRF), obesity, smoking, diabetes, heart disease, pulmonary disease, etc. Of all the causes listed, poor CRF appears to be the leading risk factor for early death. If CRF is so important, can walking help? If so, how many [..]

In 1976, the first issue of the journal Spine was published. In this inaugural issue was a pioneering article by low back pain specialist Alf Nachemson, MD, titled (1): The Lumbar Spine, An Orthopedic Challenge In this article, without credible evidence, Dr. Nachemson states: “Irrespective of treatment given, 70% of [back pain] patients get well [..]

For the patient with low back pain, guidelines recommend seeking treatment in the acute state of the condition instead of waiting for it to become chronic. While it’s generally easier and faster to achieve a satisfactory outcome in the earliest stages of a back pain condition, there’s another reason: to reduce the risk for additional [..]

Experts estimate that headaches affect half the population, with up to 25% of headaches originating from the cervical spine or neck, which is referred to as a cervicogenic headache (CGH). There are many studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of chiropractic management for CGH, often involving a multi-modal treatment approach to address biomechanical dysfunction in the [..]

Most people have heard about carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) as it’s the most common of the peripheral neuropathies or pinched nerves in the extremities, but few have heard of pronator teres syndrome. Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when the median nerve is pinched or compressed while passing through the wrist. However, the median nerve originates in [..]

Shoulder pain is a VERY common problem, especially among individuals over 40 years old. Experts estimate that between 16-30% of the population has experienced shoulder pain in the last month, with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) being one of most likely diagnoses made by clinicians. Why is SIS so common? The short answer is because the [..]